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Behavioural Assessments

Behavioural Interventions are highly useful for disability groups and probably one of the less well-propagated interventions in the field of psychology locally.  They involve the processes of systematically assessing the functions of various behaviours and using a variety of strategies based on behavioural principles to produce specific improvements in behaviour. They are useful in different types of therapeutic interventions, and especially useful for working with individuals who are unable to express themselves in words.

The first competency unit that will help you succeed in doing behavioural interventions is Behavioural Assessments.

Functional behaviour assessment (FBA) is the crucial first step in intervening any problem behaviour. It is important that interventionists are knowledgeable and proficient in determining the function/s of problem behaviours beyond using the framework ‘Antecedent-Behaviour-Consequences’ (i.e. ‘A-B-C’). A newer method of determining the function of problem behaviour, i.e.,  functional analysis can also be considered. Interventionists are expected to:

  • Define problem behaviours through an functional behaviour analysis and identify the typical function/s that problem behaviors serve

  • Collect data by using observational methods and/or experimental methods

  • Administer different tools (FAST, MAS, and QABF) for the indirect measurement of the functions of problem behaviours

  • Review and analyse data to arrive at the correct conclusions regarding the functions of problem behaviours

  • Develop an hypothesis and overall goal for intervention

Here are some ideas and resources to spark your learning and thinking: 

 

Behavioural assessment

Cooper, Heron, & Heward (2007) – Chapter 24 on Functional Behaviour Assessment

Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., &  Heward, W. L. (2007) Applied behavior analysis /Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Pearson/Merrill-Prentice Hall. See more here.

This book is a classic and is a comprehensive handbook of behavioral interventions. This chapter, gives detailed information about Functional Behaviour Analysis. It is worth a read for knowing the technical aspects of this topic. The chapter covers topics on:

  • Different methods of functional behaviour analyses

  • How to carry out different methods for determining the functions of behaviour

  • How to choose the appropriate methods for determining the functions of behaviour

 This is a very useful PowerPoint version of the key points from the chapter

The chapter summary and objectives and some learning activities are here.

Functional behaviour Analysis

  1. This powerpoint covers the essentials in FBA and gives a good overview. It is not a long presentation and the information is good for both the beginners and the experienced.

  2. Heward, W. L.’s PDF slides “The Functional Analysis of Behavior: History, Applications, and Implications”

    This set of PDF slides (83), published in 2014, takes us through conventional methods of functional behaviour analysis and makes a strong case for the use of functional analysis. There are many quiz questions that are useful for learning. In addition, it focuses on how to make sense of data from doing functional analysis.


How to do behavioural observations

This website includes key information about behavioural observations. The PowerPoint presentation of behavioural recording elaborates on how to use direct methods to assess behaviours beyond the framework Antecedent-Behaviour-Consequence (A-B-C).


Analyse the functions of  problem behaviour

You can use the following tools to help you analyse the functions of client’s problem behaviours:

  1. Functional Analysis Screening Tool (FAST)

  2. Motivational Assessment Scale (MAS)

  3. Questions About Behavioural Functions (QABF)


Test yourself on FBA

Test yourself with quizlet! (Optional)

You can test yourself on your knowledge and application of FBA on this website.

Some terms may be rather technical and not essential to carrying out FBA but the test is useful and fun.

Importantly, practice carrying out the different methods—indirect, direct, and experimental— for conducting an FBA, test your hypotheses, and derive your conclusions. In due time, it will become second nature to you.

Functional analysis

Functional Analysis: “Functional Analysis of Problem Behaviour” – Video with Iwata

This long video is a gem and highly informative. Iwata gives a in-depth lecture on functional behaviour analysis.

Functional Analysis: “FA” Video

This is a very short and handy clip on how to conduct functional analysis—with a dog. This is definitely worth a watch.

Functional analysis of tail wagging behavior


Or explore other competency units that will help you succeed in doing behavioural interventions: